1. Hoan Kiem Lake & Ngoc Son Temple

As the heart and soul of Hanoi, Hoan Kiem Lake is deeply woven into the city's history and culture. In the middle of the lake stands the ancient Turtle Tower, a symbol of history and legend. On weekends, this area transforms into a pedestrian zone, where visitors can take a leisurely stroll and enjoy the scenery.

Early in the morning, locals practice Tai Chi (traditional Chinese martial art focused on slow, graceful movements for relaxation and balance), creating a serene atmosphere. As night falls, the walking street comes alive with street bands, folk games, and cultural activities. Hoan Kiem Lake is the perfect place to experience the rhythm and unique culture of Hanoi.

Ngoc Son Temple, perched on a small island in Hoan Kiem Lake, is accessible via the picturesque The Huc Bridge. Built in the 19th century, it honors General Tran Hung Dao, a national hero, along with deities of literature and medicine. Inside, intricate carvings, ancient altars, and traditional Vietnamese architecture create a serene and spiritual ambiance.

In the middle of the lake stands the ancient Turtle Tower, a symbol of history and legend (Source: Pexels)

The Huc Bridge at night takes on a shimmering and magical beauty (Source: Pexels)

2. The Old Quarter

Hanoi’s Old Quarter is not only a culinary hub where traditional and modern flavors blend but also a vibrant living museum of history and culture. Each street is famous for its own signature dish, making it a must-visit destination for food lovers. Additionally, it’s also one of the most vibrant shopping area Hanoi locations, known for silk, handicrafts, souvenirs, and handmade goods sold in charming local shops. Strolling through the 36 ancient streets, visitors will encounter moss-covered houses, traditional shops, and hidden eateries tucked away in narrow alleys, preserving the authentic flavors of Hanoi’s cuisine.

In particular, you can explore Ta Hien Street with its vibrant nightlife, Hang Dieu Street famous for eel vermicelli, Cha Ca Street with its special fried fish cake, or Ly Quoc Su Street with traditional beef pho. Additionally, in the Old Quarter, there is a unique train track running through a residential area, located on the North-South railway line, passing through Tran Phu, Phung Hung, Cua Dong, Le Duan streets.

It's best to head to Hanoi Old Quarter as the light fades and the streets come alive with bustling food stalls and immersive local activities. Some unmissable food spots include Pho Bat Dan, famous for its rich and flavorful traditional beef noodle soup, and Banh Mi 25, known for serving one of the best Vietnamese sandwiches in Hanoi. Cafe Giang is an ideal stop to devour the signature egg coffee, a unique Hanoi drink made from fresh egg yolks, sugar, and coffee.

These iconic street food spots are among the must eats in Hanoi and give travelers a true taste of the city's culinary heritage.

Read our Ta Hien Beer Street guide here for an in-depth look at other captivating destinations in the Old Quarter.

The corners of Hanoi's Old Quarter preserve a nostalgic beauty over the years (Source: Pexels)

The sidewalk culinary space in Hanoi's Old Quarter exudes a rustic and welcoming charm (Source: Pexels)

3. Ho Chi Minh Mausoleum Complex

The Ho Chi Minh Mausoleum is one of Hanoi’s most significant historical landmarks, attracting visitors who wish to learn about Vietnam’s beloved leader. This complex includes the Ho Chi Minh Mausoleum, the Presidential Palace, Ho Chi Minh's Stilt House, and the One Pillar Pagoda.

The mausoleum houses the preserved body of the late President Ho Chi Minh. When visiting the mausoleum, visitors will undergo thorough security checks and are not allowed to film or take photos. Nearby, the Presidential Palace stands as a symbol of Vietnam's colonial past, showcasing impressive French-style architecture. However, Ho Chi Minh humbly chose to live in a simple stilt house, surrounded by tranquil gardens and a peaceful fish pond.

Within this complex, the One Pillar Pagoda is one of Vietnam’s unique Buddhist temples. Designed to resemble a blooming lotus flower, the pagoda stands on a single stone pillar rising from a small pond, creating a serene and picturesque setting. This spiritual heritage site is an unmissable part of Hanoi’s cultural landscape.

Visiting the Ho Chi Minh Mausoleum allows visitors to witness formal ceremonies (Source: Pexels)

The One Pillar Pagoda is one of Vietnam’s most unique Buddhist temples (Source: Pexels)

4. Temple Of Literature (Van Mieu - Quoc Tu Giam)

The Temple of Literature - Quoc Tu Giam, a symbol of Vietnam’s deep-rooted respect for learning, is the country’s first university, built to honor Khong Tu, great scholars, and the nation’s education system. More than just a historical site, it is a cultural space rich in Eastern heritage, where the past and present harmoniously blend.

Notably, the stone steles of doctoral laureates, engraved with the names of Vietnam’s most outstanding scholars across dynasties, stand as a testament to the nation's long-standing academic tradition. Rise early if you can to fully appreciate the beauty and serenity of the Temple of Literature as the destination remains peaceful and quiet.

The Temple of Literature - National University is not only an important historical and cultural relic but also a place where special exhibitions are often held. Visitors can explore exhibitions on calligraphy, traditional art, or other historical and cultural topics, providing interesting and rewarding experiences. These exhibitions are often held in the Thai Hoc area or the courtyard of the Temple of Literature, creating a unique and attractive cultural space.

The Temple of Literature - National University was built in 1070, making it almost 1000 years old (Source: Canva)

5. Imperial Citadel Of Thang Long (Hoang Thanh Thang Long)

The Imperial Citadel of Thang Long, a UNESCO World Heritage Site, is a vivid testament to Vietnam’s thousand-year-old civilization. Once the country’s political and power center, the citadel has witnessed the rise and fall of numerous dynasties throughout history.

Here, visitors can admire the Hanoi Flag Tower, a magnificent and intact architectural work, built in 1812. The Flag Tower features a column and three truncated square pyramid bases, with brick stairs leading to the top. The North Gate, or Chinh Bac Mon, is the only remaining gate of the ancient Hanoi citadel, built in the watchtower style and now a place of worship for two heroes, Nguyen Tri Phuong and Hoang Dieu.

Kinh Thien Palace, once the center of court sessions and important court rituals, now only has the old foundation with stone steps, balustrades, and intricately carved dragon pairs. Doan Mon, the arched door leading to Kinh Thien Palace, with five stone gates, is also a notable relic. These relics are not only unique architectural works but also historical witnesses, telling stories of a bygone era.

A visit to this historic site offers a journey through more than 1,000 years of Vietnamese history, brought to life through preserved relics and architectural remains. To make the most out of the visit, it’s best to explore the Imperial Citadel in the early morning or late afternoon when the atmosphere is more peaceful and pleasant.

The Imperial Citadel of Thang Long is one of Hanoi's most significant historical sites (Source: Pexels)

6. Hanoi Train Street

Hanoi Train Street is a unique and somewhat thrilling destination, attracting visitors with its one-of-a-kind experience of watching a train pass just inches away from houses and cafés. However, for absolute safety, tourists must strictly follow the regulations and instructions given by on-site staff. Many visitors choose to sit at cafés along the tracks to enjoy a drink while witnessing the train pass by. Some popular cafés include The Railway Hanoi, Train Track Coffee, and Spot 09 Cafe.

Tourists are thrilled by the image of trains running through Hanoi's Train Street (Source: Pexels)

7. West Lake (Ho Tay) & Tran Quoc Pagoda

West Lake is the largest lake in Hanoi, offering a tranquil escape from the city's hustle and bustle. Visitors can enjoy the fresh air and peaceful atmosphere, making it a perfect spot to unwind. The lake is also famous for its lakeside cafés and seafood restaurants, where guests can savor delicious cuisine while admiring the scenic views.

Tran Quoc Pagoda is a temple that is more than 1000 years old (Source: Pexels)

For a full experience, rent a bicycle to ride around the lake to enjoy the surroundings. The sunset at West Lake is particularly breathtaking, creating a romantic and dreamy landscape. Nestled on a small island in West Lake, Tran Quoc Pagoda is Hanoi’s oldest Buddhist temple, dating back about 1,500 years.

This architectural gem stands out with its elegant, towering stupa and tranquil surroundings, offering visitors a peaceful escape from the city’s hustle and bustle. A visit to Tran Quoc Pagoda is a journey through Vietnam’s deep-rooted Buddhist traditions. As you explore the temple grounds, you’ll find ancient statues, intricate carvings, and a sacred Bodhi tree, grown from a cutting of the tree under which Buddha attained enlightenment.

Visitors can walk around West Lake to watch the sunset (Source: Canva)

8. Vietnam Military History Museum

The Vietnam Military History Museum is an unmissable destination for those who want to learn about the nation's heroic struggle for independence. The museum was recently inaugurated in 2023, featuring thousands of massive military weapons, equipment and documents, which vividly recreates the glorious victories of the Vietnamese army and people in various resistance wars.

At the Vietnam Military History Museum, visitors can not only admire historical relics but also hear inspiring stories of heroes who sacrificed for the country’s independence and freedom. The museum features a prominent 54-meter-high Victory Tower, symbolizing the unity of Vietnam’s 54 ethnic groups, and stands tall over an impressive outdoor exhibition area. Here, visitors can explore legendary war relics, including MiG-21 fighter jets, T-54 tanks, and the wreckage of enemy aircraft, alongside life-sized battlefield dioramas that bring Vietnam’s military history to life.

The Victory Tower, a 45-meter stone structure symbolizes the country's independence in 1945

The interior space is divided into six main exhibition areas, systematically recreating three outstanding important historical periods. The pre-1945 section highlights early resistance movements with ancient weapons and artifacts. The 1945–1975 section delves into Vietnam’s wars against France and the U.S., featuring soldier uniforms, battle maps, and wartime memorabilia. Finally, the post-1975 section explores modern military advancements and peacekeeping efforts. Through immersive displays, the museum offers a powerful journey through Vietnam’s heroic past.

The Vietnam Military History Museum displays combat tank from the war years in Vietnam

9. Hoa Lo Prison (Hanoi Hilton)

Hoa Lo Prison is a haunting historical site that once held Vietnamese revolutionaries during the French colonial period and American prisoners of war during the Vietnam War. Visiting Hoa Lo offers a profound insight into Vietnam’s turbulent history, from its painful colonial past to the fierce struggles of war.

Here, visitors will witness authentic historical artifacts, from cramped, dark prison cells to brutal torture instruments, recreating the harsh lives of prisoners. Moving stories of the indomitable spirit of revolutionary soldiers and their noble sacrifices for national independence are also vividly portrayed, helping visitors better understand the value of peace and freedom.

For a quieter and less crowded experience, the best time to visit Hoa Lo is in the morning. In addition to exploring the historical relics, visitors can also find unique souvenirs related to the prison or enjoy the distinctive Hoa Lo milk tea, a memorable and delightful experience.

Hoa Lo Prison is one of the famous tourist attractions (Source: Di tích Nhà tù Hỏa Lò - Hoa Lo Prison Relic)

10. Dong Xuan Market

Dong Xuan Market, the largest and oldest market in the city, is an unmissable destination for those looking to experience the authentic local lifestyle and a historical symbol of the capital. Built in 1889 during the Nguyen Dynasty, Dong Xuan Market has witnessed many ups and downs of history, from the French colonial period to the war years and the development of modern Hanoi. Additionally, it's a shopping paradise with a plethora of goods, from fresh produce, unique souvenirs, trendy clothing to traditional Vietnamese street eats.

While Dong Xuan Market represents a more traditional style of commerce, travelers looking for a modern shopping centre Hanoi experience can also explore nearby malls and department stores for international brands and air-conditioned convenience.

One of the highlights of the market is its vibrant street food section, where visitors can savor famous local delicacies such as the flavorful bun rieu cua (crab noodle soup) or enjoy a refreshing bowl of sweet che (Vietnamese dessert soup). This is a fantastic opportunity to explore Hanoi’s distinctive culinary flavors and immerse yourself in the lively atmosphere of a traditional market.

Dong Xuan Market - a glimpse of Hanoi's traditional beauty (Source: Canva)

11. St. Joseph's Cathedral

St. Joseph's Cathedral in Hanoi is a Gothic architectural masterpiece built in 1886, showcasing strong influences of European design. With its ancient, magnificent facade, the cathedral stands out as an impressive architectural landmark right in the heart of Hanoi, attracting visitors with its timeless beauty. Notably, the cathedral is only a few hundred meters from Hoan Kiem Lake, creating a unique cultural highlight in the area. It also regularly hosts Hanoi's largest Christmas celebration, attracting a large number of locals and tourists.

Beyond its architectural beauty, the cathedral serves as a spiritual and cultural hub, reflecting the long-standing presence of Catholicism in Vietnam. Surrounding the cathedral is a lively café scene, where visitors can start a morning in Hanoi with a taste of Xoi Com and unwind with a cup of egg coffee while soaking in the peaceful yet vibrant atmosphere.

Hanoi's St. Joseph's Cathedral showcases characteristic European Gothic architecture (Source: Canva)

12. Thang Long Water Puppet Theater

Thang Long Water Puppet Theater is a place dedicated to preserving and showcasing one of Vietnam’s most unique traditional art forms. More than just a performance, it offers a glimpse into the nation's rich folk culture. What makes Thang Long Water Puppet Theater special is that the performed stories are not only deeply rooted in Vietnamese culture but also expressed through exquisitely carved and lifelike wooden puppets.

The talented puppeteers, hidden behind a screen, make the puppets appear to have souls, gracefully dancing on the water. In addition, the theater uses special sound, light, and smoke effects, creating a magical space that immerses the audience in colorful fairy tales and legends.

The stories told through water puppetry revolve around Vietnamese folklore, rural life, and mythical legends. Live traditional music accompanies the performance, creating an immersive and enchanting artistic experience. This activity is perfect for all ages, especially families, and is an unmissable experience for those who appreciate Vietnamese culture.

Water puppetry has evolved into a reflection of the spiritual life (Source: Canva)

13. Vietnam Museum Of Ethnology

The Vietnam Museum of Ethnology is a unique cultural destination where visitors can explore the rich diversity of Vietnam’s 54 ethnic groups. In particular, the museum preserves and displays the distinctive handicrafts of Vietnam's 54 ethnic groups, including statues, carvings, and ceramics.

The Vietnam Museum of Ethnology offers a fascinating glimpse into the diverse cultures of Vietnam's 54 ethnic groups

Visitors can admire authentically restored traditional houses, learn about the costumes, musical instruments, festivals, and characteristic cultural activities of each ethnic group. The outdoor exhibition space with folk architectural works is also an impressive highlight, giving visitors a comprehensive and profound view of Vietnamese culture.

Additionally, the museum features an outdoor exhibition area, where traditional houses and cultural activities of different ethnic communities are brought to life. Here, visitors can explore authentically restored traditional houses, from the stilt houses of the Thai people, the communal houses of the Ba Na people to the rammed earth houses of the Dao people. These architectural works not only demonstrate the diversity of building styles but also reflect the unique lifestyles and customs of each ethnic group.

The outdoor exhibition area is an area that simulates the houses of ethnic Vietnamese people

14. Bat Trang Ceramic Village

Bat Trang Pottery Village is the perfect destination for those who want to explore and experience Vietnam’s traditional pottery-making craft. Renowned for its exquisite ceramic products, what makes Bat Trang special is the unique structure of the craft village, with ancient pottery kilns interspersed with modern production workshops, creating a space that is both traditional and dynamic.

Visitors can stroll through the small alleys, admire unique ceramic walls, or explore ancient houses built from ceramic bricks. In addition, the village has a bustling pottery market, where a variety of ceramic products are sold, from household items, decorative items to exquisite works of art.

Bat Trang Ceramic Museum - a unique architectural work throughout history (Source: Pexels)

A highlight of the visit is the opportunity to try pottery-making firsthand, creating personalized ceramic pieces. Here, visitors will be guided by skilled artisans, from selecting clay, kneading, shaping to decorating the product. You will learn how to use the potter's wheel, shaping to create unique bowls, vases or decorative items. Once completed, your product will be fired and glazed, becoming a meaningful souvenir or a unique decorative item for your home. This is not only a fun experience but also an opportunity for you to explore your creativity and dexterity.

Additionally, visitors can purchase unique ceramic souvenirs for friends and family. The best time to visit Bat Trang is on weekdays to avoid jostling crowds. Since the village is located quite far from Hanoi’s city center, it is recommended to set aside at least half a day to fully experience its beauty and craftsmanship.

Bat Trang pottery features a wide variety of designs (Source: Pexels)

Hanoi is an essential stop for travelers who love history, culture, and delicious food. If you're wondering what to visit in Hanoi, start with Hoan Kiem Lake, where history and legends come to life. Explore the Hanoi Old Quarter to savor the city's best food, or visit cultural landmarks like the Temple of Literature. Hanoi promises an unforgettable experience with its rich heritage and vibrant atmosphere.

Whether you're into food, culture, or scenic views, discovering what to do in Hanoi is the first step to planning an unforgettable journey through Vietnam’s capital.

For more travel tips or detailed guides on top attractions and local food recommendations, please visit Vietnam Airlines’ official website.